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      "referencetext": "American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. (2025). 2.\r\nDiagnosis and Classification of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes\u2014\r\n2025. Diabetes Care, 48, S27\u2013S49. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc25-S002\r\nAna Martafari, C., Kurniawan, R., & Alhamdi Stivani, M. (2023). PENGARUH\r\nKUALITAS TIDUR TERHADAP KADAR GULA DARAH TIDAK\r\nTERKONTROL PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE II\r\nBERDASARKAN KUESIONER PSQI. In Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan\r\nKesehatan (Vol. 10, Number 1).\r\nhttp://ejurnalmalahayati.ac.id/index.php/kesehatan\r\nArvindbhai Sojitra, V., Maheshbhai Patel, N., Parsingbhai Rathva, N., &\r\nVallabhbhai Zulasana, J. (2025). Assessment of Sleep Quality and Its\r\nAssociation with Glycemic Control among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes\r\nMellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Life Sciences,\r\n14(5). https://doi.org/10.69605/ijlbpr_14.5.2025.119\r\nBuysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989).\r\nThe Pittsburgh sleep quality index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice\r\nand research. Psychiatry Research, 28(2), 193\u2013213.\r\nhttps://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4\r\nChen, Y., Tong, E., Rao, Y., Yu, E. Y. W., Zeegers, M., & Wesselius, A. (2025).\r\nThe association between insomnia (related symptoms) and glycaemic control:\r\na systematic review and meta-analysis. In Journal of Global Health (Vol. 15).\r\nUniversity of Edinburgh. https://doi.org/10.7189/JOGH.15.04016\r\nDarraj, A. (2023). The Link Between Sleeping and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic\r\nReview. Cureus. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.48228\r\nDireksunthorn, T. (2025). Sleep and Cardiometabolic Health: A Narrative Review\r\nof Epidemiological Evidence, Mechanisms, and Interventions. International\r\nJournal of General Medicine, Volume 18, 5831\u20135843.\r\nhttps://doi.org/10.2147/ijgm.s563616\r\nEsen, E. S., & Zeren \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, G. (2025). Analysis of sleep quality and related factors\r\nin patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Clinical and Experimental Health\r\nSciences, 15(1), 76\u201382. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1442009\r\nFabbri, M., Beracci, A., Martoni, M., Meneo, D., Tonetti, L., & Natale, V. (2021).\r\nMeasuring subjective sleep quality: A review. In International Journal of\r\nEnvironmental Research and Public Health (Vol. 18, Number 3, pp. 1\u201357).\r\nMDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031082\r\nFalup-Pecurariu, C., Diaconu, \u0218tefania, \u021a\u00een\u021b, D., & Falup-Pecurariu, O. (2021).\r\nNeurobiology of sleep (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine,\r\n21(3). https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9703\r\nFriska, F., & Fazriani, E. (2025). The Relationship between Blood Glucose Levels\r\nand Sleep Quality in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Indonesian Journal of\r\nGlobal Health Research, 7(2), 681\u2013688.\r\nhttps://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v7i2.5721\r\nGostoli, S., Raimondi, G., Popa, A. P., Giovannini, M., Benasi, G., & Rafanelli, C.\r\n(2024). Behavioral Lifestyle Interventions for Weight Loss in Overweight or\r\nObese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review of the Literature.\r\nIn Current Obesity Reports (Vol. 13, Number 2, pp. 224\u2013241). Springer.\r\nhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-024-00552-5\r\nG\u00fcr, C., & \u015eenkarde\u015f Kandemir, S. (2026). Sleep Quality, Glycemic Control, and\r\nDaytime Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes. Healthcare (Switzerland), 14(7).\r\nhttps://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14070838\r\nHall, J. E. (2021). 1669720301Guyton and Hall 2021 Textbook of Medical Physio\r\nlogy 14t Ed.\r\nHelmi, A., Veri, N., & Lina, L. (2024). Literature review: Penanganan\r\nnonfarmakologi untuk penurunan kadar gula darah pada pasien diabetes\r\nmellitus. Jurnal SAGO Gizi Dan Kesehatan, 5(2), 547.\r\nhttps://doi.org/10.30867/gikes.v5i2.1703\r\nHenson, J., Covenant, A., Hall, A. P., Herring, L., Rowlands, A. V., Yates, T., &\r\nDavies, M. J. (2024). Waking Up to the Importance of Sleep in Type 2\r\nDiabetes Management: A Narrative Review. In Diabetes Care (Vol. 47,\r\nNumber 3, pp. 331\u2013343). American Diabetes Association Inc.\r\nhttps://doi.org/10.2337/dci23-0037\r\nHossain, M. J., Al-Mamun, M., & Islam, M. R. (2024). Diabetes mellitus, the fastest\r\ngrowing global public health concern: Early detection should be focused. In\r\nHealth Science Reports (Vol. 7, Number 3). John Wiley and Sons Inc.\r\nhttps://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.2004\r\nInternational Diabetes Federation. (2025). IDF Diabetes Atlas.\r\nKementerian Kesehatan RI. (2023). SKI 2023 Dalam Angka - Badan Kebijakan\r\nPembangunan Kesehatan | BKPK Kemenkes.\r\nKryger, M. H. ., Roth, T. ., Goldstein, C. A. ., & Dement, W. C. . (2022). Principles\r\nand practice of sleep medicine. Elsevier.\r\nKuo, C.-P., Lu, S.-H., Huang, C.-N., Liao, W.-C., & Lee, M.-C. (2021). Sleep\r\nQuality and Associated Factors in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A\r\nRetrospective Cohort Study. International Journal of Environmental Research\r\nand Public Health, 18(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063025\r\nMostafa, S. A., Hanif, W., Crowe, F., Balanos, G., Nirantharakumar, K., Ellis, J.\r\nG., & Tahrani, A. A. (2025). The effect of non-pharmacological sleep\r\ninterventions on glycaemic measures in adults with sleep disturbances and\r\nbehaviours: A systematic review and meta-analysis. In Diabetes and Vascular\r\nDisease Research (Vol. 22, Number 1). SAGE Publications Ltd.\r\nhttps://doi.org/10.1177/14791641241307367\r\nNelson, K. L., Davis, J. E., & Corbett, C. F. (2022). Sleep quality: An evolutionary\r\nconcept analysis. Nursing Forum, 57(1), 144\u2013151.\r\nhttps://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12659\r\nOrtega-Donaire, L., Sanz-Martos, S., Fern\u00e1ndez-Mart\u00ednez, M., Fern\u00e1ndez-\r\nMart\u00ednez, C., & Ovsyeyenko, G. (2025). Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and\r\nObstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome in the Elderly. Healthcare (Switzerland),\r\n13(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13111266\r\nPERKENI. (2024). Pengelolaan dan Pencegahan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di\r\nIndonesia Pengurus Besar Perkumpulan Endokrinologi Indonesia (PB\r\nPERKENI).\r\nReed, J., Bain, S., & Kanamarlapudi, V. (2021). A review of current trends with\r\ntype 2 diabetes epidemiology, aetiology, pathogenesis, treatments and future\r\nperspectives. In Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity (Vol. 14, pp.\r\n3567\u20133602). Dove Medical Press Ltd.\r\nhttps://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S319895\r\nSantoso, S. D., Firdaussy, A. P. S. A., & Muhammad, I. N. (2025). How sleep\r\nquality is associated with blood glucose levels in elderly diabetics melitus: A\r\ncritical study at Cukir Community Health Center. Indonesian Red Crescent\r\nHumanitarian Journal, 4(1), 26\u201341. https://doi.org/10.56744/irchum.v4i1.78\r\nSuratman, N., Armijn, L., & Nur, A. (2023). The level of compliance of type II\r\ndiabetes mellitus patients in controlling blood sugar. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan\r\nSandi Husada, 12(2), 481\u2013487. https://doi.org/10.35816/jiskh.v12i2.1126\r\nTharion, E. (2023). \u201cSleep stages\u201d in physiology teaching: a wakeup call! In\r\nAdvances in Physiology Education (Vol. 47, Number 3, pp. 499\u2013500).\r\nAmerican Physiological Society.\r\nhttps://doi.org/10.1152/ADVAN.00058.2023\r\nWidi Febrianty, M. Iqbal Angga Kusuma, & Esti Andarini. (2025). Hubungan\r\nKualitas Tidur dengan Kadar Gula Darah pada Usia Dewasa Muda Penderita\r\nDiabetes Melitus Tipe II di RSD Gunung Jati. Protein : Jurnal Ilmu\r\nKeperawatan Dan Kebidanan. , 3(3), 239\u2013251.\r\nhttps://doi.org/10.61132/protein.v3i3.1580\r\nWidiasari, K. R., Made, I., Wijaya, K., & Suputra, P. A. (2021). Tatalaksana. In\r\nGanesha Medicina Journal (Vol. 1).\r\nYang, Y., Zhao, L. hua, Li, D. dan, Xu, F., Wang, X. hua, Lu, C. feng, Wang, C.\r\nhua, Yu, C., Zhang, X. lin, Ning, L. yan, Wang, X. qin, Su, J. bin, & Wang, L.\r\nhua. (2021). Association of sleep quality with glycemic variability assessed by\r\nflash glucose monitoring in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetology and\r\nMetabolic Syndrome, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-021-00720-w\r\nYekti, R., & Rambe, R. (2021). Hubungan Kualitas Tidur dengan Prestasi Belajar\r\nMahasiswa Angkatan 2017 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Kristen\r\nIndonesia.\r\nLakshmi, B. S., Ujianti, I., Fahrozi, F., Albantani, I., Putri, A., Nofrizal, N., Rahmadi,\r\nR., Stujanna, E. N., Nurusshofa, Z., & Sukarya, W. S. (2023). 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