eprintid: 265 rev_number: 10 eprint_status: archive userid: 24 dir: disk0/00/00/02/65 datestamp: 2017-06-05 04:51:17 lastmod: 2017-09-14 04:35:50 status_changed: 2017-06-05 04:51:17 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Nani Solihati, Nani creators_name: Mulyono, Herri creators_id: nani_solihati@uhamka.ac.id creators_id: hmulyono@uhamka.ac.id contributors_type: http://www.loc.gov/loc.terms/relators/AUT contributors_type: http://www.loc.gov/loc.terms/relators/AUT contributors_name: Solihati, Nani contributors_name: Mulyono, Herri contributors_id: nani_solihati@uhamka.ac.id contributors_id: hmulyono@uhamka.ac.id title: A HYBRID CLASSROOM INSTRUCTION IN SECOND LANGUAGE TEACHER EDUCATION (SLTE): A CRITICAL REFLECTION OF TEACHER EDUCATORS ispublished: pub subjects: L1 subjects: LB2300 subjects: T1 divisions: sch_art divisions: sch_edu divisions: sch_hum abstract: Hybrid instruction, which combines face-to-face classroom interaction and virtual activities, has been a growing interest for many teachers in universities, particularly those in teacher education programmes. This article presents my colleague’s as well as my own critical reflections on our experience with practising hybrid classroom instruction in SLTE in a private university in Indonesia. Within this hybrid classroom, Google Classroom (GC) was incorporated as a companion of the face-to-face (F2F) classroom learning sessions of twenty-two preservice teachers taking the curriculum and materials development (CMD) module. To help with our reflection, we took notes during our observation and asked the students to write a journal after each of our teaching sessions. We highlight several benefits and challenges when incorporating GC in a hybrid classroom. Implications for the practice of a hybrid classroom in SLTE, particularly within the Indonesian higher education context, are also offered. date: 2017 date_type: published official_url: http://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jet/article/view/6989 id_number: https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v12i05.6989 full_text_status: public publication: International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning volume: 12 number: 5 pagerange: 169-180 refereed: TRUE issn: 1863-0383 related_url_url: http://online-journals.org/index.php/i-jet/article/view/6989 related_url_type: pub referencetext: [1] E. Oh and S. Park, ‘How are universities involved in blended instruction?’, Educ. Technol. Soc., vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 327–342, 2009. [2] W. He, D. Gajski, G. Farkas, and M. Warschauer, ‘Implementing flexible hybrid instruction in an electrical engineering course: The best of three worlds?’, Comput. Educ., vol. 81, pp. 59–68, 2015. [3] W. I. O’Byrne and K. E. Pytash, ‘Hybrid and Blended Learning’, J. Adolesc. Adult Lit., vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 137–140, 2015. [4] R. Woods, J. D. Baker, and D. Hopper, ‘Hybrid structures: Faculty use and perception of web-based courseware as a supplement to face-to-face instruction’, Internet High. Educ., vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 281–297, 2004. [5] A. M. Harrington, ‘Problematizing the hybrid classroom for ESL/EFL students’, Electron. J. English as a Second Lang., vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 1–13, 2010. [6] G. Black, ‘A comparison of traditional, online, and hybrid methods of course delivery’, J. Bus. Adm. Online, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2002. [7] S. Riffell and D. Sibley, ‘Using web-based instruction to improve large undergraduate biology courses: An evaluation of a hybrid course format’, Comput. Educ., vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 217–235, 2005. [8] G. M. Alayyar, P. Fisser, and J. Voogt, ‘Developing technological pedagogical content knowledge in pre-service science teachers: Support from blended learning’, Australas. J. Educ. Technol., vol. 28, no. 8, 2012. [9] H. Wang, ‘The Analysis of Teacher Talk in “ Learner-centered ” Teaching Mode’, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 1172–1174, 2014. [10] J. Chen and T.-F. Lin, ‘Class attendance and exam performance: A randomized experiment’, J. Econ. Educ., vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 213–227, 2008. [11] M. Kendall, ‘Teaching online to campus-based students: The experience of using WebCT for the community information module at Manchester Metropolitan University’, Educ. Inf., vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 325–346, 2001. [12] A. Altun, Y. Gulbahar, and O. Madran, ‘Use of a content management system for blended learning: Perceptions of pre-service teachers’, Turkish Online J. Distance Educ., vol. 9, no. 4, 2008. [13] E.-D. Heba and A. Nouby, ‘Effectiveness of a blended e-learning cooperative approach in an Egyptian teacher education programme’, Comput. Educ., vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 988–1006, 2008. [14] Y. Yeh, L. Huang, and Y. Yeh, ‘Knowledge management in blended learning: Effects on professional development in creativity instruction’, Comput. Educ., vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 146–156, 2011. [15] M. B. Yilmaz and F. Orhan, ‘Pre-service English teachers in blended learning environment in respect to their learning approaches’, TOJET Turkish Online J. Educ. Technol., vol. 9, no. 1, 2010. [16] K. Brumbaugh, E. Calhoon, R. Musallam, and R. Pronovost, Creating a Google Apps Classroom: The educator’s cookbook. Shell Education, 2014. [17] A. Keeler and L. Miller, 50 things you can do with Google Classroom. Dave Burgess Consulting, Incorporated, 2015. [18] G. Smith, ‘Letting Google do the heavy lifting – An introduction to, and review of Google classroom’, ICU Lang. Res. Bull., vol. 30, pp. 1–8, 2015. [19] A. Perveen, ‘Synchronous and asynchronous e-language learning: A case study of virtual university of Pakistan’, Open Prax., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 21–39, 2016. [20] T. S. C. Farrell, Reflective language teaching: From research to practice. London, New York: Continuum, 2007. [21] D. Smith, ‘Supporting new teacher development using narrative-based professional learning professional learning’, Reflective Pract., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 149–165, 2012. [22] E. Burhan-Horasanlı and D. Ortaçtepe, ‘Reflective practice-oriented online discussions: A study on EFL teachers’ reflection-on, in and for-action’, Teach. Teach. Educ., vol. 59, pp. 372–382, Oct. 2016. [23] J. C. Richards, ‘Beyond training: Approaches to teacher education in language teaching’, Lang. Teach., vol. 14, pp. 3–8, 1990. [24] C. R. Rayford, ‘Reflective practice: The teacher in the mirror’, Doctoral Thesis. University of Nevada, 2010. [25] E. Baran, ‘A review of research on mobile learning in teacher education.’, Educ. Technol. Soc., vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 17–32, 2014. [26] N. E. Husbye and A. A. Elsener, ‘To move forward, we must be mobile: Practical uses of mobile technology in literacy education courses’, J. Digit. Learn. Teach. Educ., vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 46–51, 2013. [27] E. Vázquez-Cano, ‘Mobile distance learning with smartphones and apps in higher education.’, Educ. Sci. Theory Pract., vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 1505–1520, 2014. [28] M. A. Clump, H. Bauer, and C. Breadley, ‘The extent to which psychology students read textbooks: A multiple class analysis of reading across the psychology curriculum’, J. Instr. Psychol., vol. 31, no. 3, p. 227, 2004. [29] M. E. Hoeft, ‘Why university students don’t read: What professors can do to increase compliance’, Int. J. Scholarsh. Teach. Learn., vol. 6, no. 2, p. Article 12, 2012. [30] L. Aagaard, T. W. Conner, and R. L. Skidmore, ‘College textbook reading assignments and class time activity’, J. Scholarsh. Teach. Learn., vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 132–145, 2014. [31] H. Masduqi, ‘Efl Reading In Indonesian Universities: Perspectives And Challenges in Cultural Contexts’, J. Teach. Educ., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 385–397, 2014. [32] S. M. Abdelhalim, ‘Developing EFL Students’ Reading Comprehension and Reading Engagement: Effects of a Proposed Instructional Strategy’, Theory Pract. Lang. Stud., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 37–48, 2017. [33] N. Johnston, H. Partridge, and H. Hughes, ‘Understanding the information literacy experiences of EFL (English as a foreign language) students’, Ref. Serv. Rev., vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 552–568, 2014. [34] K. Starcher and D. Proffitt, ‘Encouraging students to read: What professors are (and aren’t) doing about it’, Int. J. Teach. Learn. High. Educ., vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 396–407, 2011. [35] E. Irfanti, ‘A survey of the English reading habits of EFL students in Indonesia’, TEFLIN J., vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 149–164, 2012. [36] B. Y. Cahyono and Widi, ‘The teaching of EFL reading in the Indonesian context: The state of the art’, TEFLIN J., vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 36–58, 2006. [37] S. Kweldju, ‘English department students interest and strategies in reading their content area text books’, TEFLIN J., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 140–117, 1996. [38] J. Maher and J. Mitchell, ‘I’m not sure what to do! Learning experiences in the humanities and social sciences’, Issues Educ. Res., vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 137–148, 2010. [39] B. D. Brost and K. A. Bradley, ‘Student compliance with assigned Reading: A case study’, J. Scholarsh. Teach. Learn., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 101–111, 2006. [40] A. Van Staden, ‘Put reading first: Positive effects of direct instruction and scaffolding for ESL learners struggling with reading’, Perspect. Educ., vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 10–21, 2011. [41] N. Dabbagh and A. Kitsantas, ‘Personal Learning Environments, social media, and self-regulated learning: A natural formula for connecting formal and informal learning’, Internet High. Educ., vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 3–8, 2012. [42] J. Gikas and M. M. Grant, ‘Mobile computing devices in higher education: Student perspectives on learning with cellphones, smartphones & social media’, Internet High. Educ., vol. 19, pp. 18–26, 2013. [43] C. M. K. Cheung, P.-Y. Chiu, and M. K. O. Lee, ‘Online social networks: Why do students use facebook?’, Comput. Human Behav., vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 1337–1343, 2011. [44] H. Mulyono, ‘Using Quipper as an online platform for teaching and learning English as a foreign language’, Teach. English with Technol., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 59–70, 2016. citation: Nani Solihati, Nani dan Mulyono, Herri (2017) A HYBRID CLASSROOM INSTRUCTION IN SECOND LANGUAGE TEACHER EDUCATION (SLTE): A CRITICAL REFLECTION OF TEACHER EDUCATORS. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning, 12 (5). pp. 169-180. ISSN 1863-0383 document_url: http://repository.uhamka.ac.id/id/eprint/265/1/Herri%20Mulyono_hybrid%20classroom%20instruction.pdf