eprintid: 21546
rev_number: 8
eprint_status: archive
userid: 3858
dir: disk0/00/02/15/46
datestamp: 2023-04-01 13:35:36
lastmod: 2023-04-01 13:35:36
status_changed: 2023-04-01 13:35:36
type: thesis
metadata_visibility: show
creators_name: Hidayah, Lidia Nur
creators_name: Wahyudi, Priyo
creators_name: Rachmania, Rizky Arcinthya
title: SKRINING POTENSI BAKTERI ENDOFIT RANTING KETAPANG
(Terminalia catappa L.) SEBAGAI PENGHASIL ENZIM
XILANASE DAN AMILASE
ispublished: pub
subjects: R
subjects: RS
divisions: 48201
abstract: Ranting ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) mengandung pati dan xilan yang dapat
diubah menjadi glukosa dan xilosa oleh suatu enzim yaitu, xilanase dan amilase.
Xilanase dan amilase dapat diproduksi oleh bakteri endofit yang dapat ditemukan
pada tanaman berkayu keras. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menskrining bakteri
endofit ranting ketapang yang dapat menghasilkan enzim xilanase dan amilase
tertinggi. Isolasi endofit dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode teknik tanam
lansung pada medium nutrient agar (NA). Isolat yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi
morfologinya secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Uji aktivitas enzim xilanase
dan amilase secara kualitatif dilakukan dengan mengamati zona bening di sekitar
koloni pada media. Isolat yang memiliki aktivitas enzim tertinggi kemudian
dikultur dalam medium fermentasi cair. Uji aktivitas enzim amilase secara
kuantitatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode asam dinitrosalisilat (DNS).
Tiga isolat bakteri endofit diperoleh dari ranting ketapang, salah satunya isolat
KP1 yang memiliki aktivitas enzim amilase tertinggi sebesar 8,5664 U/ml. Namun
isolat tersebut tidak menunjukkan adanya aktivitas xilanase.
Kata Kunci: Bakteri Endofit, Ranting Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.),
Xilanase, Amilase.
date: 2021
date_type: completed
full_text_status: public
institution: Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA
department: Fakultas Farmasi dan Sains
thesis_type: bachelor
thesis_name: bphil
referencetext: Afzal I, Shinwari ZK, Sikandar S, Shahzad S. 2019. Plant Beneficial Endophytic
Bacteria: Mechanisms, Diversity, Host Range and Genetic Determinants.
Microbiological Research. 2019(221): 36–49.
Ahmad MA, Isah U, Raubilu IA, Muhammad SI, Ibrahim D. 2020. An Overview
of the Enzyme: Amylase and its Industrial Potentials. Bayero Journal of
Pure and Applied Sciences. 12(1): 354–355.
Anugerah GC. 2018. Isolasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Endofit Penghasil Enzim LAsparaginase dari Mangrove Ketapang (Terminalia catappa) di Pantai
Bajul Mati Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Skripsi. Fakultas Perikanan
dan Ilmu Kelautan. Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Hlm. 25.
Aqlinia M, Pujiyanto S, Wijanarka. 2020. Isolasi Bakteri Endofit Bangle
(Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.) Dan Uji Antibakteri Supernatan Crude
Metabolit Sekunder Isolat Potensial Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus.
Jurnal Akademika Biologi. 9(1): 23–31.
Atlas R. 2010. Handbook of Microbiological Media Fourth Edition. CRC Press.
Boca Raton. Hlm. 1.
Bajpai P. 2014. Xylanolytic Enzymes. Academic Press. Amsterdam. Hlm. 13, 92-
93.
Bemiller J, Whistler R. 2009. Starch: Chemistry and Technology Third Edition.
Academic Press. Amsterdam. Hlm. 194.
Bintang M, Rahmawati F, Safira UM, Andrianto D. 2020. Biokimia Fisik. IPB
Press. Bogor. Hlm. 244
Boleng, DT. 2015. Bakteriologi Konsep-Konsep Dasar. UMM Press. Malang.
Hlm. 35.
Chapman J, Ismail AE, Dinu CZ. 2018. Industrial Applications of Enzymes:
Recent Advances, Techniques, and Outlooks. Catalysts. 8(6): 20.
Departemen Kesehatan RI. 1979. Farmakope Indonesia (III). Direktorat Jendral
Pengawasan Obat dan Makanan. Jakarta. Hlm. 755.
Elmarzugi NA, El Enshasy HA, AbdulHamid M, Hasham R, Aziz A, Elsayed EA,
Othman NZ, Salama M. 2014. Alpha-Amylase Economic and Application
Value. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 3(3): 4901–4902.
Fessenden RJ, Fessenden JS. 1982. Kimia Organik Edisi Ketiga Jilid 2. Erlangga.
Jakarta. Hlm. 354
Firani NK. 2019. Metabolisme Karbohidrat. UB Press. Malang. Hlm. 9. 
Ginting L, Kusdiyantini E. 2020. Isolasi Bakteri Endofit Tanaman Pepaya (Carica
papaya L .) dan Uji Aktivitas Enzim Amilase. Berkala Bioteknologi. 3(2):
1–7.
Gopinath SCB, Anbu P, Arshad MKM, Lakshmipriya T, Voon CH, Hashim U,
Chinni SV. 2017. Biotechnological Processes in Microbial Amylase
Production. BioMed Research International. 2017: 1-6.
Hadioetomo RS. 1993. Mikrobiologi Dasar dalam Praktek. Gramedia Pustaka
Utama. Hlm. 55-61.
Hallmann J, Quadt-Hallmann A, Mahaffee WF, Kloepper JW. 1997. Bacterial
Endophytes in Agricultural Crops. Canadian Journal of Microbiology.
43(10): 908.
Hussain I, Siddique F, Mahmood MS, Ahmed SI. 2013. A Review of The
 icrobiological Aspect of α-Amylase Production. International Journal of
Agriculture and Biology. 15(5): 1032.
Integrated Taxonomy Information System. 2011. Terminalia catappa L.
Taxonomy. Serial No.27762
https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&sear
ch_value=27762#null. Diakses pada tanggal 20 November 2020: 20:00.
Irfan M, Asghar U, Nadeem M, Nelofer R, Syed Q. 2016. Optimization of
Process Parameters for Xylanase Production by Bacillus sp. in Submerged
Fermentation. Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences. 9(2):
139–147.
Jain A, Jain R, Jain S. 2020. Basic Techniques in Biochemistry, Microbiology and
Molecular Biology. Humana Press. New York. Hlm. 39-41.
Jaka K. 2012. Isolasi Dan Uji Aktivitas Enzim Amilase Dari Bakteri Termofilik
Pada Sumber Air Panas Desa Pincara Kecamatan Masamba Kabupaten
Luwu Utara. Skripsi. Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi. Uin Alauddin,
Makassar. Hlm. 66
Kalim B, Ali NM. 2016. Optimization of Fermentation Media and Growth
Conditions for Microbial Xylanase Production. 3 Biotech. 6(2): 1–7.
Kalim B, Bohringer N, Ali N, Schaberle T. 2015. Xylanases–from Microbial
Origin to Industrial Application. British Biotechnology Journal. 7(1): 1-20.
Kandel S, Joubert P, Doty S. 2017. Bacterial Endophyte Colonization and
Distribution within Plants. Microorganisms. 5(4): 1-14.
Khan AL, Shahzad R, Al-Harrasi A, Lee IJ. 2017. Endophytic Microbes: A
Resource for Producing Extracellular Enzymes. In Maheswari DK,
Annapurna K(Eds.) Endophytes: Crop Productivity and Protection. 
Springer Internasional Publishing. Hlm 103.
Kumala S. 2014. Mikroba Endofit Pemanfaatan Mikroba Endofit dalam Bidang
Farmasi. PT. ISFI Penerbitan. Jakarta. Hlm. 15-87.
Kumala S, Fitri N. 2008. Penapisan Kapang Endofit Ranting Kayu Meranti Merah
(Shorea balangeran Korth.) sebagai Penghasil Enzim Xilanase. Jurnal
Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia. 6(1): 1–6.
Lee JH, Kim YG, Lee J. 2018. Thermostable Xylanase Inhibits and Disassembles
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms. Biofouling. 34(3): 9.
Liu X, Kokare C. 2017. Microbial Enzymes of Use in Industry. In: Brahmachari
G.(Ed.). Biotechnology of Microbial Enzymes. Edition 1. Academic Press.
https://doi.org/10.1016/C2015-0-00048-X. Hlm. 269, 274.
Lodewyckx C, Vangronsveld J, Porteous F, Moore ERB, Mezgeay M, Lelie D
Van Der, Edward RB, Taghavi S. 2002. Endophytic Bacteria and Their
Potential Applications Endophytic Bacteria and Their Potential
Applications. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences. 21(6): 584.
Macneill GJ, Mehrpouyan S, Minow MAA, Patterson JA, Tetlow IJ, Emes MJ.
2017. Starch as a Source, Starch as a Sink: The Biofunctional Role of
Starch in Carbon Allocation. Journal of Experimental Botany. 68(16):
4434.
Maier RM. 2009. Bacterial Growth. In Maier RM, Pepper IL, Gerba CP (Eds.).
Environmental Microbiology Second Edition. Academic Press.
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-370519-8.00003-1. Hlm. 39
Makinen KK. 2010. Sugar Alcohols, Caries Incidence, and Remineralization of
Caries Lesions: A Literature Review. International Journal of Dentistry.
2010(1): 17.
Manias D, Verma A, Soni DK. 2020. Isolation and characterization of
endophytes: Biochemical and molecular approach. In: Kumar A, Singh
VK (Eds.). Microbial Endophytes. Woodhead Publishing. Cambridge.
Hlm. 1-3.
Marjenah, Putri NP. 2017. Morphological Characteristic and Physical
Environment of Terminalia catappa in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Asian
Journal of Forestry. 1(1): 33–39.
Mayasari. 2016. Pemurnian Enzim Amilase Kasar dari Bakteri Amilolitik
Endogenous Bekatul Secara Parsial Menggunakan Ammonium Sulfat.
Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang. Hlm. 42.
Motta FL, Andrade CCP, Santana MHA. 2013. A Review of Xylanase Production
by The Fermentation of Xylan: Classification, Characterization and
Applications. In: Chandel AK, Silva SS. (Eds.). Sustainable Degradation
of Lignocellulosic Biomass - Techniques, Applications and
Commercialization. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/1490. Hlm. 253-
254.
Murtiyaningsih H, Hazmi M. 2017. Isolasi dan Uji Aktivitas Enzim Selulase Pada
Bakteri Selulolitik Asal Tanah Sampah. Agritrop. 2017(1): 1–5.
Nair DN, Padmavathy S. 2014. Impact of Endophytic Microorganisms on Plants,
Environment and Humans. The Scientific World Journal. 2014: 1-2.
Nascimento RP, Gravina-Oliveira MP, Coelho RRR. 2013. Methods to
Determine Xylanolitic Activity. In: Vermelho AB, Couri S. (Eds.).
Methods to Determine Enzymatic Activity. Bebtham Science Publisher.
Sharjah. Hlm. 130-131.
Nuruwe C, Matinahoru JM, Hadijah MH. 2020. Isolasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri
Endofit Beberapa Jenis Pohon Berhabitat Basah. Jurnal Budidaya
Pertanian. 16(1): 65–70.
Oukala N, Pastor V, Aissat K. 2021. Bacterial endophytes: The hidden actor in
plant immune responses against biotic stress. Plants. 10(5):1-24
Patel H, Kalaria R, Leva R, Patel RM. 2016. Isolation and Identification of
Endophytes from Terminalia Species. Advances in Life Sciences. 5(9):
3640-3647.
Patil U, Muskan K. 2009. Essentials of biotechnology. I.K. International
Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi. Hlm. 333.
Perin D, Murano E. 2017. Starch Polysaccharides in The Human Diet: Effect of
the Different Source and Processing on its Absorption. Natural Product
Communications. 12(6). 837–839.
Pokhrel S. 2015. A review on Introduction and Applications of Starch and its
Biodegradable Polymers. International Journal of Environment. 4(4):
114–125.
Pratiwi ST. 2008. Mikrobiologi Farmasi. Penerbit Erlangga. Jakarta. Hlm. 128.
Pratiwi YH, Ratnayani O, Wirajana IN. 2018. Perbandingan Metode Uji Gula
 ereduksi dalam enentuan Aktivitas α-L-Arabinofuranosidase Dengan
Substrat Janur Kelapa (Cocos nucifera). Jurnal Kimia. 134.
Puspitaningrum R, Adhiyanto C. 2016. Enzim dan Pemanfaatannya. Ghalia
Indonesia. Bogor. Hlm. 1.
Putri MF, Fifendy M, Putri DH. 2018. Diversitas Bakteri Endofit Pada Daun
Muda dan Tua Tumbuhan Andaleh (Morus macroura miq.). Eksakta. 
19(1):128.
Rani K, Datt S, Rana R. 2015. Review on Characteristics and Application of
Amylases. International Journal of Microbiology and Bioinformatics.
1(2): 2.
Raveendran S, Parameswaran B, Ummalyma SB, Abraham A, Mathew AK,
Madhavan A, Rebello S, Pandey A. 2018. Applications of Microbial
Enzymes in Food Industry. Food Technology and Biotechnology. 56(1):
16–30.
Rosell JA. 2019. Bark in Woody Plants: Understanding the Diversity of a
Multifunctional Structure. Integrative and Comparative Biology. 59(3):
543.
Rowell RM, Pettersen R, Tshabalala MA. 2012. Cell Wall Chemistry. In: Rowell
RM. (Ed.). Handbook of Wood Chemistry and Wood Composites. Edition
2. CRC Pres. Boca Raton. Hlm. 45-47.
S Harisha. 2006. An Introduction to Practical Biotechnology. Laxmi Publications
(P) LTD. New Delhi. Hlm. 51.
Saini R , Singh Saini H, Dahiya A. 2017. Amylases: Characteristics and Industrial
Applications. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 6(4): 1865–
1871.
Saka S, Bae HJ. 2016. Secondary Xylem for Bioconversion. In: Yoon SK, Funada
R, Singh AP. (Eds.). Secondary Xylem Biology Origins, Functions, and
Applications. Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2014-0-01292-0.
Hlm. 225.
Saqib AAN, Whitney PJ. 2011. Differential Behaviour of The Dinitrosalicylic
Acid (DNS) Reagent Towards Mono- and Di-Saccharide Sugars. Biomass
and Bioenergy. 35(11): 4749.
Sasmitaloka KS, Arif AB, Juniawati, Winarti C, Hayuningtyas M, Ratnaningsih,
Richana N. 2019. Xylan Production from Corn Cobs for Isolation of
Xylanase-Producing Bacteria. IOP Conference Series: Earth and
Environmental Science. 309(1): 1
Sari TN. 2015. Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Aktivitas Xilanolitik Kapang Endofit dari
Tongkol Jagung (Zea mays L.). Skripsi. Fakultas Farmasi dan Sains.
UHAMKA, Jakarta. Hlm. 14-16.
Singh RS, Singh T, Pandey A. 2019. Microbial Enzymes—An Overview. In:
Singh RS, Singhania RR, Pandey A, Larroche C. (Eds.). Advances in
Enzyme Technology a Volume in Biomass, Biofuels, Biochemicals.
Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2017-0-02308-X. Hlm. 3. 
Sturz AV, Christie BR, Matheson BG, Nowak J. 1997. Biodiversity of Endophytic
Bacteria which Colonize Red CLover Nodules, Roots, Stems and Foliage
and Their Influence on Host Growth. Biology and Fertility of Soils. 25(1):
18.
Suhono B. 2010. Ensiklopedia Flora. PT Kharisma Ilmu. Bogor. Hlm. 152.
Sun Y, Cheng J. 2002. Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Materials for Ethanol
Production: A review. Bioresource Technology. 83(1): 1–11.
Supriyatna A, Amalia D, Jauhari AA, Holydaziah D. 2015. Aktivitas Enzim
Amilase, Lipase, dan Protease dari Larva. Jurnal ISTEK. 9(2): 18–32.
Susanti R, Fibriana F. 2017. Teknologi Enzim. Penerbit Andi. Yogyakarta. Hlm.
1-71.
Sutrisno A. 2017. Teknologi Enzim. UB Press. Malang. Hlm. 6.
Toha AHA. 2010. Ensiklopedia Biokimia dan Biologi molekuler. EGC. Jakarta.
Hlm. 32-33, 874.
Vidyalakshmi R, Paranthaman R, Indhumathi J. 2009. Amylase Production on
Submerged Fermentation by Bacillus spp. World Journal of Chemistry.
4(1): 89–91.
Walia A, Guleria S, Mehta P, Chauhan A, Parkash J. 2017. Microbial Xylanases
and Their Industrial Application in Pulp and Paper Biobleaching: A
Review. 3 Biotech. 7(1): 1-12.
Wani ZA, Ashraf N, Mohiuddin T, Riyaz-Ul-Hassan S. 2015. Plant-Endophyte
Symbiosis, an Ecological Perspective. Applied Microbiology and
Biotechnology. 99(7): 2955–2965.
Wignyanto, Hidayat N. 2017. Bioindustri. UB Press. Malang. Hlm. 9.
Wu W, Chen W, Liu S, Wu J, Zhu Y, Qin L, Zhu B. 2021. Beneficial
Relationships Between Endophytic Bacteria and Medicinal Plants.
Frontiers in Plant Science. 12:1–13.
Yimer D, Tilahun A. 2018. Microbial Biotechnology Review in Microbial
Enzyme Production Methods, Assay Techniques and Protein Separation
and Purifications. Journal of Nutritional Health and Food Engineering.
8(1): 1–7.
Yunianti AD, Syahidah, Agussalim, Suhasman. 2020. Buku Ajar Ilmu Kayu.
Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Hasanuddin. Makassar. Hlm. 25-26
Zimbro MJ, Power DA, Miller SM, Wilson GE, Johnson JA. 2009. Difco & BBL
Manual Manual of Microbiological Culture Media Second Edition. 
Becton, Dickinson and Company. Sparks. Hlm. 4.
citation:   Hidayah, Lidia Nur dan Wahyudi, Priyo dan Rachmania, Rizky Arcinthya  (2021) SKRINING POTENSI BAKTERI ENDOFIT RANTING KETAPANG (Terminalia catappa L.) SEBAGAI PENGHASIL ENZIM XILANASE DAN AMILASE.  Bachelor thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA.   
document_url: http://repository.uhamka.ac.id/id/eprint/21546/1/FS03-210427.pdf